科目表¶
The chart of accounts (COA) is the list of all the accounts used to record financial transactions in the general ledger of an organization. The chart of accounts can be found under .
When browsing your chart of accounts, you can sort the accounts by Code, Account Name, or Type, but other options are available in the drop-down menu
科目配置¶
您在创建数据库时选择的国家/地区（或数据库中的其他公司）决定了默认安装的 财务本地化服务包 版本。软件包包括已根据国家/地区规定配置好的标准会计科目表，可以直接使用，也可以根据公司需要进行设置。
要创建新账户，请进入 ，点击 创建，并填写（至少）所需字段（代码、账户名称、类型）。
警告
日记账记项过账后，无法修改公司的**财务本地化**。
代码和名称¶
Each account is identified by its Code and Name, which also indicate the account’s purpose.
类型¶
正确配置**科目类型**至关重要，因为科目类型有多重作用：
关于科目目的和行为的信息
生成特定国家的法律和财务报告
设置结束一个财政年度的规则
生成期初分录
To configure an account type, open the Type field’s drop-down selector and select the corresponding type from the following list:
报告 |
类别 |
科目类型 |
|---|---|---|
资产负债表 |
资产 |
应收账款 |
银行和现金 |
||
流动资产 |
||
非流动资产 |
||
预付款 |
||
固定资产 |
||
负债 |
应付帐款 |
|
信用卡 |
||
流动负债 |
||
非流动负债 |
||
股本 |
股本 |
|
本年收益 |
||
损益 |
收入 |
收入 |
其他收入 |
||
费用 |
费用 |
|
折旧 |
||
收入成本 |
||
其他 |
其他 |
资产负债表外 |
资产¶
Some account types can automate the creation of asset entries. To automate entries, click View on an account line and go to the Automation tab.
You have three choices for the Automation tab:
否：默认值。无变化。
Create in draft: whenever a transaction is posted on the account, a draft entry is created but not validated. You must first fill out the corresponding form.
Create and validate: you must also select a Deferred Expense Model. Whenever a transaction is posted on the account, an entry is created and immediately validated.
默认税¶
In the View menu of an account, select a default tax to be applied when this account is chosen for a product sale or purchase.
科目组¶
Account groups are useful to list multiple accounts as sub-accounts of a bigger account and
thus consolidate reports such as the Trial Balance. By default, groups are handled automatically
based on the code of the group. For example, a new account 131200 is going to be part of the group
131000. You can attribute a specific group to an account in the Group field under
View.
手动创建科目组¶
注解
普通用户无需手动创建科目组。以下内容仅适用于少数高级用例。
To create a new account group, activate developer mode and head to . Here, create a new group and enter the name, code prefix, and company to which that group account should be available. Note that you must enter the same code prefix in both From and to fields.
To display your Trial Balance report with your account groups, go to , then open the Options menu and select Hierarchy and Subtotals.
允许对账¶
某些科目，如用于记录某支付方式交易的科目，可用于日记账分录对账.
例如，使用信用卡支付的开票在与付款对账后可以标记为:guilabel:已支付。因此，用于记录信用卡付款的科目需配置为**允许对账**。
To do so, check the Allow Reconciliation box in the account’s settings, and Save; or enable the button from the chart of accounts view.
已弃用¶
账户上一旦有交易记录，就无法删除。您可以使用**废弃**功能使其不可用：在账户设置中勾选 已废弃`复选框，然后 :guilabel:`保存。